移动物料信息分布式传输方法及应用

在流程工业生产中,移动物料计量信息的传输普遍采用电台和无线模块。接收电台周围环境严重影响计量信息的传输效果,尤其是钢结构厂房、电磁干扰区内,数据传输过程中的丢包率、误码率相当严重。本文提出一种多节点分布式传输方法,根据各个生产作业区环境条件设置相应的WIFI节点数,实现对作业区的无线信号覆盖。网络覆盖区内无线模块、PDA终端(PDA)、终端查询设备通过节点工作频段和阵列天线自适应调节,实现数据传输最佳化。铜熔炼生产现场测试表明,此种传输方法可以有效消除周围环境的电磁干扰,数据丢包率低于0.1%。     

Electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of as-cast and as-spun RE-Mg-Ni-Co-Al-based alloys applied to Ni/MH battery

The La-Mg-Ni-Co-Al-based AB₂-type La_0.8–xCe_0.2Y_xMgNi_3.4Co_0.4Al_0.1 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) alloys were prepared via melt spinning. The analyses of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) proved that the experimental alloys contain the main phase LaMgNi₄ and the second phase LaNi₅. Increasing Y content and spinning rate lead to grain refinement and obvious change of the phase abundance without changing phase composition. Y substitution for La and melt spinning make the life-span of the alloys improved remarkably, which is attributed to the improvement of anti-oxidation, anti-pulverization and anti-corrosion abilities. In addition, the discharge capacity visibly decreases with increasing the Y content, while it firstly increases and then decreases with increasing spinning rate. The electrochemical kinetics increases to the optimum performance and then reduces with increasing spinning rate. Moreover, all the alloys achieve to the highest discharge capacities just at the initial cycle without activation.     

Activated Carbon Supported CaO from Waste Shells as a Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

In the wake of increasing environmental constraints, this work is aimed at developing a catalyst purely prepared from waste biomass source as the raw material. The catalyst is investigated for its applicability in transesterification of vegetable oil with the objectives: (i) to use waste shells of mollusk as raw material for the preparation of activated carbon and CaO; (ii) to use it as heterogeneous catalyst in the transesterification of waste cooking oil; (iii) to optimize the different parameters affecting the transesterification reaction; and (iv) to study its reusability. Under optimized conditions it was observed that a conversion >90% was possible and the catalyst could be reused five times with a slight loss in activity. This study indicates that the biomass source could also be used as a potential raw material in the synthesis of environmentally benign catalysts.     

废磺酸的处理技术

废磺酸由于色泽深、酸值高、游离油高等问题,无法正常应用于洗涤剂中,又因其是强的有机酸,属于危化品,无法倾倒、无法储存,日积月累,大量的废磺酸处理成为企业棘手的问题。本文通过中和和漂白工艺,将其应用于工业清洗中,解决了企业难题。     

In Silico Study on Tumor-Size-Dependent Thermal Profiles inside an Anthropomorphic Female Breast Phantom Subjected to Multi-Dipole Antenna Array

Electromagnetic hyperthermia as a potent adjuvant for conventional cancer therapies can be considered valuable in modern oncology, as its task is to thermally destroy cancer cells exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Hyperthermia treatment planning based on computer in silico simulations has the potential to improve the localized heating of breast tissues through the use of the phased-array dipole applicators. Herein, we intended to improve our understanding of temperature estimation in an anatomically accurate female breast phantom embedded with a tumor, particularly when it is exposed to an eight-element dipole antenna matrix surrounding the breast tissues. The Maxwell equations coupled with the modified Pennes’ bioheat equation was solved in the modelled breast tissues using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) engine. The microwave (MW) applicators around the object were modelled with shortened half-wavelength dipole antennas operating at the same 1 GHz frequency, but with different input power and phases for the dipole sources. The total input power of an eight-dipole antenna matrix was set at 8 W so that the temperature in the breast tumor did not exceed 42 °C. Finding the optimal setting for each dipole antenna from the matrix was our primary objective. Such a procedure should form the basis of any successful hyperthermia treatment planning. We applied the algorithm of multi for multi-objective optimization for the power and phases for the dipole sources in terms of maximizing the specific absorption rate (SAR) parameter inside the breast tumor while minimizing this parameter in the healthy tissues. Electro-thermal simulations were performed for tumors of different radii to confirm the reliable operation of the given optimization procedure. In the next step, thermal profiles for tumors of various sizes were calculated for the optimal parameters of dipole sources. The computed results showed that larger tumors heated better than smaller tumors; however, the procedure worked well regardless of the tumor size. This verifies the effectiveness of the applied optimization method, regardless of the various stages of breast tumor development.     

阶梯溢流坝面坡度对一体化消能工水力特性的影响

为探求高水头、大单宽流量下坝面坡度对一体化消能工水力特性的影响,以阿海水电站为原型,采用三维k-ε双方程紊流模型,引入水气两相流VOF计算方法,利用几何重建格式来迭代生成自由水面,对1∶0.80、1∶0.75、1∶0.65三种阶梯面坡比进行数值模拟研究。结果表明:①最大负压值均位于首级阶梯立面凸角下1/4附近,并随坡度增加而增大。坡度为56.98°时,最大负压值为61.02 kPa,超过了6×9.81 kPa。②水流空化数在宽尾墩水舌出口位置出现最小值,空化数随坡度变陡而减小。坡度为56.98°时,空化数最小为0.358。坡度为51.34°时,空化数最大,为0.381。③随着阶梯溢流坝坝面坡度变缓,消力池最大临底流速增大。当坡度为51.34°时,消力池最大临底流速最大,达到26.84 m/s,超过了25 m/s,易发生冲磨破坏。当坡度为56.98°时,消力池最大临底流速最小,为24.00 m/s。消力池尾坎前最大临底流速随坡度增加而减小,坡度为56.98°时最小,为9.63 m/s;坡度为51.34°时,消力池尾坎前最大临底流速最大,为9.96 m/s。④坡度的变化对一体化消能工消能率的影响不大,坡度从51.34°增加到56.98°,消能率只提升0.15%。     

Malic acid production from renewables: a review

Malic acid derived from fossil resources is currently applied in the food and beverage industries with a medium global production capacity. However, in the transition from a fossil-based to a bio-based economy, biotechnologically produced l -malic acid may become an important platform chemical with many new applications, especially in the field of biopolymers. In this review, currently used petrochemical production routes to dl -malic acid are outlined and insights into possible bio-based alternatives for microbial l -malic acid production are provided. Besides ecological reasons, the possibility to produce enantiopure l -malic acid by microbial fermentation is the biggest advantage over chemical synthesis. State-of-the-art and open challenges concerning production host engineering, substrate choice and downstream processing are addressed. With regard to production hosts, a literature overview is given covering the leading natural production strains of Aspergillus, Ustilago and Aureobasidium, as well as Escherichia coli as the most important engineered recombinant host. The utilization of renewable substrates as an alternative to glucose is emphasized in particular as a key aspect for a competitive bio-based production. Out of the alternative substrates discussed in this review, the industrial side-streams crude glycerol and molasses seem to be most promising for large-scale l -malic acid production. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.     

多晶硅生产中残液搅拌罐密封结构的改造

在处理多晶硅生产中产生的残液时,残液搅拌罐填料密封出现泄漏,针对此问题提出了优化措施,达到了预期效果。     

影响干式磁选机在石英除铁过程中的因素研究

本文通过对陕西某地石英矿进行干式磁选试验研究,介绍了给料速度、尾矿抛尾率、矿样含水率及含泥量等几个因素对干式磁选作用的影响,分析了干式磁选各因素在石英除铁过程中的规律,为后续工业应用提供一定的理论基础。     

不同镀层结构钢的耐盐雾腐蚀性能比较

通过盐雾试验模拟潮湿环境,对裸钢试片、电镀锌钢试片、化学镀镍-磷钢试片和化学镀镍-钴-磷钢试片进行了宏观形貌、微观形貌和腐蚀产物成分分析,比较了四个试片的耐盐雾腐蚀性能。结果表明:在盐雾环境中,四个试片均会发生电化学腐蚀,生成不同的腐蚀产物;在盐雾腐蚀周期内,裸钢试片的腐蚀速率最高,化学镀镍-磷钢试片和化学镀镍-钴-磷钢试片的腐蚀速率较低;四个试片在腐蚀过程中的阳极反应和阴极反应不同,腐蚀后的微观形貌存在明显差异。